美国网络监控项目法律保障体系及其启示

“棱镜门”事件的曝光引发全球对国家安全和隐私保护的讨论。在美国网络监控法律框架下去审视美国国家安全局情报监控项目，可发现明确的适用范围、严密的审查监督制度与严格的实施程序要求，让美国政府可在维护国家安全利益的同时力求最大限度保护民众隐私权，做到了“有法可依”。构建政府与互联网公司互利共赢的新关系，完善网络监控法律体系和法律运作程序是从美国网络监控法律保障体系分析中所提炼出对我国具有启发性意义的措施。

Legal Protective System of Cyber Surveillance in the United States and Its Meaning to China

The exposure of PRISM scandal has been stimulating global discussions on both national security and privacy protection. Surveying on foreign intelligence surveillance programs of National Security Agency, under the legal framework of cyber surveillance in the U.S., it reveals that these surveillance programs enjoy so clear and precise applying scope, strict examination and supervision system and rigid procedure regulations that the U.S. government can maintain national security interests, as well as do utmost to protect public privacy with legal supports. Both building a two-win relationship between governments and Internet companies and improving legal system and legal procedure are meaningful steps to China.