职业人群亚健康现状及防治对策

目的　探讨教师、铝作业和养路作业 3组职业人群的亚健康状态及影响因素 ,为采取相应对策提供科学依据。方法　采用统一表格对 14 2 1名志愿者作答卷调查。用Excel建立数据库 ,SAS软件统计分析。结果　亚健康状态总发生率为 6 6 2 2 % ;亚健康状态发生率有随年龄增加而增高的趋势 ,不同职业人群 5 0～岁年龄组其发生率均明显高于其他年龄组 ,差异有极显著性意义 (均P <0 0 1) ;教师、铝作业职业人群随工龄延长 ,亚健康状态发生率明显增高。电解工、一线养路工和毕业班教师的亚健康状态发生率分别为 81 0 3%、 92 10 %、 79 12 % ,分别明显高于所属职业人群中的其他组 ,差异均具有极显著性意义 (均P <0 0 1)。结论　 3组职业人群亚健康状态发生率均较高 ,主要影响因素有 :社会的激烈竞争 ,工作、生活压力过大 ,人际关系处理欠妥 ,缺乏体育锻炼和自我保健意识差等 ,故应引起有关部门重视 ,采取相应防治对策。

Subhealthy State and Preventive-countermeasure in Occupational Groups

Objective To find out the subhealthy state and risk factors in the occupational groups of teachers, aluminous workers and people in road-maintaining in order to offer the scientific evidence for adopting the countermeasures. Methods A questionnaire survey was performed on 1 421 volunteers by the uniform table. The database was built in Excel. All the results were input into computers and analyzed with SAS. Results The total prevalence rate of subhealthy state was 66.22 %; The incidence of subhealthy state was obviously higher in the 50-year age group than in any other groups with the difference being remarkable (P<0.01). The incidence of the subhealthy state was increased with the increased length of service in teachers and aluminous workers. The subhealthy prevalence rate in aluminous workers, road maintainers and the last grade's teachers was 81.03 %, 92.10 %, 79.12 % respectively and significantly higher than that of their control groups (P<0.01). Conclusion The incidence of the subhealthy state in the three groups of occupational population was high. The main factors include: competition, pressure from family and work, relationship, exercise and self-health care. So it should be paid more attention by the government and the society to take the corresponding preventive countermeasures.