上古园林年表

中国造园从上古即始,私有财产和统治者是园林产生的物质和政治基础.上自三皇五帝,下至秦始皇统一六国之前,中国历朝历代都出现过园林,只不过形式不同,有些年代太久,只有记载,而没有考古发掘而已.无论如何,这些园林都是中国园林发展历史上的先声,没有它们,就不可能有现代的园林景观.上古园林的审美主要是观生意①,并非如今的观赏人工景观.后世园林中的景点创作,无论是文学文本,还是实际构筑物,常以上古园林名称为出典,如悬圃、上林、华林等,让时人追忆起古老的园林雏形.

The Chronicle of Chinese Gardens in Ancient Times

Chinese landscape making begun from ancient times,since the existence of private properties and rulers were the material and political basis of producing gardens. There were gardens in all dynasties down to the Qin Dynasty. The gardens appeared in different forms,and some were not recorded because of long years and need to be explored through archaeological excavating. However,these gardens are the forerunners in the history of Chinese landscape development. Without them,there would not be modern landscape. The taste of ancient landscape is mainly about natural landscape,not man-made landscape at present. The creation of scenic spots in the latter gardens always takes the name of ancient landscape,both texts and concrete structures,such as Xuan Pu,Shang Lin and Hua Lin,which awake the memory of ancient landscape rudiments.