超声定位心包穿刺并发症的预防（附57例临床报告）

目的：心包积液的诊断和治疗是一个临床难题，成功的心包穿刺术是心包积液诊治的技术关键。目前尚缺乏有效的手段去阻止穿刺并发症的发生。本总结了本所1994－1999年进行超声定位心包穿刺的57例心包积液患，共进行心包穿刺63例次，穿刺成功率达93．65％，出现穿刺并发症11例，占17．46％，主要并发症是气胸和胸腔积液，作认为保持最佳的穿刺体位，选择适合的穿否则点是减少穿刺并发症，提高穿刺成功率的重要因素。

How to Prevent the Complications of Utrosound Marked Pericardiocentesis? with a Clinical Report of 57 Cases

Diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion are difficult in clinical practice. Pericardiocentesis is a important technique. But effective methods to prevent the complications during the puncture are short. Fifty seven consecutive patients with pericarditis from August 1994 to August 1999 were analyzed. Sixty three pericardial punctures were performed. Eleven from the 63(17.46%) punctures had complications. The major complications of the 11 patients were thoracic effusions ( n=5 ) and pneumothoraxes ( n=2 ). We give some suggestions to prevent the complications.