57例耳聋儿童致残的危险因素调查

了解儿童的致聋因素。通过查阅孕期病史和询问母亲相结合，对５７对母亲作１００余个因素的调查。调查结果采用Ｘ２检验和条件ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析。结果两组间有儿童接触氨基糖甙类抗生素等１１个因素，其差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．００１～０．０５），经条件ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析，结果提示儿童接触氨基糖甙类抗生素（ＯＲ＝２．７０）和新生儿窒息（ＯＲ＝２．８２）为高度有害因素，母亲初中或以下文化程度（ＯＲ＝２．３５）为中度有害因素。因此，为降低耳聋发生率须预防胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息，普及耳聋防治知识，提高孕妇自我保健意识，并建议在婴幼儿不会讲话（约一岁半）之前不使用氨基糖甙类抗生素。

Chidhood Deafness and Risk Factors: A matched case Control study

To find out the risk factors that induced childhood deafness. more than 100 factors were surveyed. Most of them were extracted from the mothers' hospital medical records and the others were gained from the inquiries to the mothers. The results were analysed by using the Chi-square test and the conditional logistic regression. Results: Between the deafness group and the control group, there were 11 factors that differed significantly (P<0001005) The logistic regression analysis revealed that exposure to aminoglycoside antibiotics in childhood(OR=2.70) and neonatal asphyxia (OR=2.82) were the high risk factors and lower education level of the mothers(OR=2.35) was middle risk factor that induced childhood deafness. Conclution:in order to reduce the incidence of childhood deafness, attentions should be paid to guarding against fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia. Meantime popularizing knowledge of deafness, enhancing mother' s awareness of self-care during pregnancy and avoidance of prescribing aminoglycoside antibiotics to any child under one and half years old are also very important strategies.