平流层飞艇昼夜驻空蒙皮热特性研究

目的分析平流层飞艇蒙皮在不同空速下的热特性,为平流层飞艇蒙皮材料的选择以及其驻空性能的分析提供参考和指导。方法基于CFD数值分析方法,建立外部热源模型,囊体内部自然对流和囊体外部强迫对流分析的综合方法。通过数值仿真分析典型飞艇在不同空速下的热特性,得出飞艇囊体内部的氦气平均温度随着热环境的周期变化,会产生周期性变化。结果在1m/s的较低空速下,飞艇昼夜氦气温差达到46 K,蒙皮昼夜最小温度出现在晚上,约为180 K,最大温度出现在正午时分,温度约为280 K。在10 m/s的空速下,飞艇昼夜氦气温差达到29 K,蒙皮昼夜最小温度约为190 K,最大温度为280 K。结论在飞艇设计中,蒙皮材料选择时考虑温度的影响。所建立的热分析方法以及得到的热特性,可为平流层飞艇蒙皮材料的选择提供参考和指导。

Thermal Characteristics Analysis of Stratospheric Airships Envelope

The paper aims to analyze the thermal characteristics of stratosphere airship envelope under different speed, and provide reference and guidance for the selection of the stratosphere airship envelope material and its in-empty performance. With the CFD method, the environment thermal model was built. The natural convection and forced convection analysis method were used comprehensively. Through the thermal analysis of envelope of general stratospheric airship, the characteristics of thermal change of envelope were obtained. It was resulted that the average temperature of helium in the airship capsule changed periodically with the thermal environment. At low airspeed of 1 m/s, the helium average temperature difference of the airship reached 46 K. The envelope maximum and minimum temperature were 180 K and 280 K, which occurred in the evening and noon respectively. The average temperature difference of helium was 29 K at 10m/s of airspeed. The maximum and minimum temperature of the envelope was 190 K and 280 K respectively. In design of airship, the influences of temperature should be taken into consideration in selection of envelope. The thermal characteristics analysis method and the conclusions can provide reference of the chance of envelope material of airship.