黄锑矿晶体及表面基因特性与可浮性关系研究

采用第一性原理计算了黄锑矿体相、（001）表面以及水分子在其表面吸附的结构性质，利用 XPS 和表面电位分析了黄锑矿单矿物表面特性，讨论了黄锑矿晶体结构、表面性质与可浮性之间的关系，并利用单矿物浮选试验进行了验证。结果表明，黄锑矿中氧原子的活性较强，锑原子的活性较弱，水分子容易在黄锑矿的表面吸附，导致常规阴离子捕收剂难以吸附于黄锑矿的表面，而需要通过金属阳离子活化。黄锑矿在 pH>2.4 的范围内带负电，阳离子捕收剂通过静电作用，容易在黄锑矿的表面吸附。单矿物浮选试验中，铜离子活化后的黄锑矿可以很好地被油酸钠捕收，十二胺离子也可以很好地浮选表面荷负电的黄锑矿。矿物表面基因特性与矿物可浮性有很好的对应关系。

Study on the Relationship between Flotability and Crystals and Surfaces Genetic Properties of Cervantite

First-principles theory are used to calculate the structural properties of the cervantite unite cell，the（001） surface and the adsorption of water molecules on the surface. The surface properties of the cervantite are analyzed by XPS and Zeta potential，and the relationship between the crystal structure，surface properties and flotability of cervantite are discussed. The results show that the activity of oxygen on the surface of cervantite is strong，while the activity of antimony is weak. Water molecules are strongly adsorbed on the surface of cervantite，resulting in the anion collector adsorbed on the surface of cervantite difficult，and it needs to be activated by metal ions. Cervantite is negatively charged in the range of pH> 2.4，thus cationic collector is easily adsorbed on the surface of cervantite through electrostatic action. In the single mineral flotation test，the activated cervantite by copper ion can be well collected by sodium oleate and the negative charged cervantite can also be well collected by dodecylamine ion. The genetic property of mineral surfaces have a good correspondence with mineral floatability.