N-单烷基苯胺的合成

实验以苯胺、三乙胺、正溴丙烷、季铵盐、季鏻盐等为原料,苯胺与卤代烃烷基化在季铵盐离子液体催化下高选择性合成N-单烷基苯胺。考察了离子液体种类及用量、反应温度、三乙胺用量、苯环上的取代基性质等因素对反应的影响。实验结果表明,以四丁基氯化铵(TBAC)为催化剂,n(苯胺):n(TBAC):n(三乙胺)=20:1:40,反应温度60℃,不同取代基的苯胺N-单烷基化反应转化率大于80%,选择性大于85%,离子液体可回收并重复使用。

STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS OF N-MONOALKYLANILINE

N-monoalkylaniline was synthesized by the alkylation of aniline and alkyl halides with high selectivity in the presence of ionic liquids of quaternary ammonium salts. The effects of different kinds of ionic liquid catalysts, the quantity of catalyst, reaction temperature, the amount of triethylamine, and different substitutions on the benzene ring on the alkylation reaction were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were found as follows: using tetrabutyl ammonium chloride as catalyst, n(aniline):n(TBAC) : n(triethyla mine) = 20 :1 : 40 and reaction temperature 60 ℃. The conversion of N-alkylation was above 80% and the selectivity of N-monoalkylaniline was above 85 %. The ionic liquid catalysts could be reused.