全球化、后工业化时代的社会特征

我们时代的基本特征是社会的高度复杂性和高度不确定性,这是人类历史上不曾有过的。在农业社会阶段,人类社会是简单的和确定的;在工业社会阶段,人类社会则是一个低度复杂性和低度不确定性的社会。社会的高度复杂性和高度不确定性,决定了我们在做一切事情的时候都必须建立起全新的观念,寻求全新的行动方案。同时,我们时代的高度复杂性和高度不确定性,在不同的领域中有着不同的表现。在科学的领域中,许多新的理论和技术正在生成,并推动了社会复杂性和不确定性的增长;在社会治理的领域中,我们必须充分关注社会的"虚拟化"、"多元化"和"去中心化"。

Social Features of Globalizational and Post-Industrial Era

The essential characteristics of nowadays have a high degree of social complicacy and uncertainty, which has no precedent in human history. In the agricultural society, human society was simple and certain; in industrial society, human society possessed low-degree of complicacy and uncertainty. The high degree of social complicacy and uncertainty requires us to establish new concepts and seek for new action plans no matter what we do. Meanwhile, the era’s social complicacy and uncertainty have different manifestations in different fields. In the scientific field, numerous fresh theories and technologies are now being generated and have further pushed forward the increase of social complicacy and uncertainty; in social governing, we have to pay close attention to social virtualization, diversification and decentralization.