鲁南地区大气花粉及其致病性探讨

目的 探讨鲁南地区气传花粉的种类，分布，数量及其致病性。方法 采用空气曝片的方法，连续2年收集气传花粉，在光学显微镜下进行阅片鉴定，并将采集到的花粉处理后，制备成花粉变应原疫苗，进行皮肤试验。结果 2年共收集花粉10813粒，18个科属，每年3－5月和8－9月出现飘散高峰。主要致敏花粉是蒿属，Lu草，杨树及松树花粉。结论 鲁南地区的气传花粉主要包括Lu草属，松属，杨属，蒿属，藜属，柳属，榆属，禾本科，地肤，臭椿属，蓖麻属，柏科，核桃，向白葵属，栎属，桦属，银杏属，豚草等，以Lu草，松属，杨属，蒿属，藜属，禾本科花粉量较大，占70％。主要致敏花粉是蒿属，Lu草，杨树及松树花粉。

RESEARCH ON THE AIR-CARRIED POLLENS IN SOUTHERN SHANDONG PROVINCE AND THEIR PATHOGENIC CHARACTERISTICS

Objective To study the species,quantity and pathogenicity of air carried pollens in Southern Shandong Province.Methods Different kinds of air carried pollens were collected by placing the sampling glass in the open air and then identified through optical microscope.The pollen samples underwent chemical treatments and then were made into pollen allergenic vaccines to be used in skin tests.Results 10183 grains of pollen were collected in 2 years.The peak time of pollen dispersing was found to be from March to May and from August to September each year.The sensitizing pollens were mainly from Artemisia,humulus,populus and pinaceae.Conclusion Air carried pollens mainly come from humulus,pinaceae,populus,Artemisia,chenopodium,salix,ulmus,Gramineae,Kochia,Ailanthus,Ricinus,cupressaceae,walnut,Helianthus,oak,birch,Ginkgoaceae and ragweed.The amount of pollens from humulus,pinaceae,populus,Artemisia and chenopodium accounts for 70% of the total.Pollens from Artemisia,humulus,populus and pinaceae are the main sensitizing ones.