基于Stackelberg博弈的双层水下传感器网络功率分配算法

针对水下传感器协作通信网络中能量消耗严重的问题，为了平衡节点间的能量消耗，同时提高系统的信道容量，提出了基于节点剩余能量的分布式博弈功率分配算法。将用户节点和中继节点间的交易模型构建为双层的Stackelberg博弈，使剩余能量少的节点提供较少的功率进行转发服务，反之则提供较多的功率进行服务，从而平衡节点间的能量消耗。与未考虑剩余能量的算法相比，在有2、3和4个中继节点时，信道容量分别提升了9.4%、23.1%和16.7%。仿真结果表明，该算法不仅提高了系统总的信道容量，而且延长了水下传感器协作通信网络的生存时间。

Power allocation algorithm for two-tier underwater wireless sensor network using Stackelberg game

Focused on the issue that energy consumption is excessively high in the underwater wireless sensor cooperative communication networks, to balance the energy consumption between the nodes and increase the channel capacity of the system, a distributed power allocation game-theoretic algorithm based on the node residual energy was proposed. The trading model between the user node and the relay node was constructed as a two-tier Stackelberg game, so that the node with less residual energy could provide less power for forwarding service, otherwise the node with more residual energy could provide more power to service, so as to balance the energy consumption between nodes. Compared with the algorithm without considering the residual energy, the channel capacity increases by 9.4%, 23.1% and 16.7% when there are 2, 3, 4 relay nodes respectively. The simulation results show that the algorithm not only improves the total channel capacity of the system, but also prolongs the lifetime of the underwater sensor cooperative communication network.