合成卡西酮类物质依赖性评价及相关机制研究进展

21世纪初,大量的合成卡西酮流入非法市场,通常以"浴盐"、"植物性食品"的形式在网上售卖,并标有"非供人使用"标签。该物质种类繁多、衍生速度快,其结构或药理学性质与可卡因或甲基苯丙胺类似,经常被滥用,且对个人健康和社会稳定造成极大的影响。为进一步评估合成卡西酮类物质的滥用潜力及其成瘾机制,本文从自主给药实验、药物辨别实验、条件性位置偏爱实验方面对各种动物模型的临床前依赖性评价及相关机制进行综述。

Dependency evaluation of synthetic cathinones and related mechanisms

At the beginning of the 21 st century,a large number of synthetic cathinones flowed into the illegal market,which are sold as "bath salts"and "plant food"online,and usually labeled "not for human use". There are a great variety of this kind of substance and they can be rapidly derived. The structures or pharmacological properties of synthetic cathinones are similar to cocaine or methamphetamine,thus they were often abused and had a great impact on personal health and social stability. In order to further evaluate the abuse potential of synthetic cathinones and its mechanism of addiction,the preclinical dependence evaluation and related mechanisms of various animal models are reviewed from the aspects of self-administration,drug discrimination and conditional place preference.