压力主诉对士兵人格及心理健康水平的揭示作用

目的探讨压力主诉对自身人格、心理健康及专业成就的揭示作用，为基层部队建立心理卫生管理策略提供依据。方法对有压力主诉及无压力主诉两样本群体，采用CattellRB的16项人格因素问卷（16personalityfactorquestionnaire，16PF）进行测量，评估内容包括15个人格因素和1个一般智力因素。由专业人员按统一指导语实施，限定60min内完成，超时为无效测试。遵循16PF的标定记分方法和标定公式，在计算出各根源性因素得分的基础上，再分别计算得出“适应与焦虑、内向与外向、感情用事与安详机警、怯懦与果断”4项二级因素和“心理健康、专业成就、创造能力、新环境成长能力”4项综合评估结果。结果①根源性因素：两群体在“乐群、幻想、世故、实验、独立性”5因素的得分无统计学差异；有压力主诉群体在“敏感、怀疑、忧虑、紧张性”4因素得分显著高于无压力主诉群体；无压力主诉群体在“聪慧、稳定、恃强、兴奋、有恒、敢为、自律性”7因素得分显著高于有压力主诉群体。②二级因素：两群体在“适应与焦虑、内向与外向、感情用事与安详机警”因素得分具有统计学差异，其中有压力主诉群体的焦虑性得分显著高于无压力主诉群体（P〈0．01），外向及安详机警性得分显著低于无压力主诉群体（P〈0．01）。③综合评估：两群体在“创造能力、新环境成长能力”因素得分无统计学差异；两群体在“心理健康、专业成就”因素得分具有统计学差异，无压力主诉群体得分显著高于有压力主诉群体（P〈0．01）。结论自陈式压力主诉对身心健康水平具有一定的揭示作用；对内在人格因素的消极成分具有强化作用；对人格因素的积极成分具有削减作用；一定程度上影响个体的专业成就，但对创造性人格因素无明显影响。

Indicative Effect of Pressure Complaint on Individual Personality and Mental Health

Objective To explore the indicative effect of pressure complaint on individual personality, mental health and professional achievements, and supply reference for grassroots units to build up mental health management strategies. Methods Cattell RB＇s 16 personality factor questionnaire （16PF） was applied to two sample populations, i.e. popula- tion with or without pressure complaint. The evaluation contents included 15 personality factors and 1 normal intelligence factor. The test was performed according to the standard instructions by the professionals, and should be finished within 60 minutes, or the test was invalid. Followed by calibration method and formulas, based on the primary factor scores, 4 global factors including adaptation/anxiety, introversion/extraversion, emotional/reasoning, cowardice/neatness, and 4 synthetic evaluation results including mental health, professional achievement, creativity, maturity were calculated. Results （D The fundamental factors was not different between two populations in warmth, abstractedness, privateness, openness to change, self-reliance, higher in sensitivity, vigilance, apprehension, tension and lower in reasoning, emotion- al stability, emotional stability, liveliness, rule-consciousness, social boldness, perfectionism in the population with pres- sure complaint than those without pressure complaint. 0 The global factors was different between two populations in ad- aptation/anxiety, extraversion/Introversion, emotional/reasoning, which was higher in anxiety score （P~0. 01 ） and low- er in extraversion and reasoning scores （P~0. 01） in population With pressure complaint than those without pressure complaint. （~） The synthetic evaluation indicated that two populations were not different in creativity and maturity, and different in mental health and professional achievements, which were significantly higher in the population without pres- sure complaint than those with pressure complaint （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Self-report pressure complaint has certain in- dicative effect for the mental health status, can strengthen the negative factors and decrease the positive factors in the per- sonality, can affect the professional achievements in a certain degree, but has no obvious impact on creativity.