武汉市新洲区手足口病流行病学特征及病原学分析

目的对武汉市新洲地区手足口病（HFMD）病例进行病毒基因鉴定等分子流行病学调查,描述手足口病在该地区传播的影响因素及流行规律。方法运用荧光定量RT-PCR快速检测方法对患者的咽拭子标本和肛咽拭子标本进行EV71、CA16肠道病毒的检测,描述本地区手足口病分布特征,识别手足口病在人群间的传播,分析人口学特征、环境因素、社会经济水平等对手足口病传播的影响。结果新洲区手足口病重点发生在3岁以下儿童（83.31%）,检出主要病原体为EV71和CA16。不同年份导致手足口病的主要病原体不同。手足口病病情与病原学和年龄有密切联系,托幼机构是手足口病流行、暴发的主要场所。结论 5-7月份是手足口病高发季节。3岁以下儿童是手足口病的重点预防人群,托幼机构是手足口病重点预防控制场所,研究结果对本地区手足口病的防控具有积极的指导意义。

Analysis on epidemic characteristics and the pathogen of HFMD in Xinzhou District in Wuhan

Objective To investigate the cases of HFMD （hand-foot-mouth disease） through molecular epidemiological methods such as viral gene molecular epidemiology in Wuhan Xinzhou district, and describe influencing factors and popular rule of HFMD spreading in the district. Methods The fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method were used to quickly measure the EVT1, CA16 enterovirus by detecting the patients＂ throat swab specimens and rectal swab speci- mens, and described the distribution characteristics of HFMD in the region, identified the spread of HFMD among the crowd, and analyzed the influence factors of HFMD＇s spreading such as demographic characteristics, environmental factors, socio-economic level. Results The main occurrence age of HFMD was children under 3 years old （83.31%） in Xinzhou district, the main pathogens were EV71 and CA16, which had different pathogens to HFMD in different years. HFMD was closely related to the etiology of the disease and age. Child-care institutions was the main place to HFMD＇s epidemics and outbreaks. Conclusion The high season of HFDM is May to July. The main prevention crowd is children under 3 years old. The main prevention and control places is Child-care institutions. The results show positive significance for prevention and control of HFMD in the region.