梅毒检测方法新进展

梅毒是人类目前主要的性传播疾病之一,其病程复杂,可威胁全身各个器官,危害性极大。同时由于梅毒不能在体外培养,严重限制了梅毒的预防和治疗研究。因此,针对不同时期症状病人的准确检测,明确其传染性和致病性程度在梅毒预防和治疗过程中起至关重要的作用。本文综述了目前应用于梅毒实验室检测的暗视野显微镜检（Dark field）、基于反应素的非梅毒螺旋体血清试验、梅毒螺旋体血清试验以及聚合酶链式反应（PCR）和实时荧光定量PCR等分子生物学技术及其研究进展。对实时荧光定量PCR和动聚焦显微镜（Focus-floating microscopy,FFM）等最新检测方法的优点和缺点进行了总结。通过比较各种检测方法在发病的不同时期敏感性,综合分析影响检测的各方面因素,总结了以FFM为基础的梅毒综合检测流程。为梅毒的早期诊断,准确诊断以及梅毒的分期检测和治疗提供指导。

Research progress of detection methods on syphilis

Objective Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies paUidum. The clinical course of syphilis is complex, it can threatening systemic organs and cause major healthy problem for human. At the same time, because pallidum cannot be cuhured in vitro for study, therefore the early diagnosis plays an important role for syphilis prevention. This article reviews the current prevalence of a variety of diagnosis methods such as microscopy test, rapid plasma reagin （RPR） test, serum Treponema paUidum test, polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, especially the novel technologies quantitive Real-Time PCR and Focus-floating microscopy （FFM）, and their advantages and disadvantages. By comparison of the sensitivity of different method in different stage of the pathogenesis, and comprehensive consideration of various factors, we summary a set of FFM based syphilis detection procedure and provide guidance for the early, accurate diagnosis and staging detection and treatment of syphilis.