青虾“红体病”组织病理学观察

用连续切片的方法对患有红体病的青虾进行组织病理学研究，结果表明患病青虾鳃部、肌肉组织和肝胰腺部位病症比较明显，不同患病阶段组织变形差异显著。鳃片细胞在患病初期表现为胞质收缩，后期则细胞膨胀破裂。细胞内物质外溢，细胞边缘界限不完整；肌肉组织在后期出现肌纤维束之间间隙，且部分肌纤维有断裂的现象；中期肝小叶间隔出现空隙和腺细胞变形，在后期则表现为小叶溃烂。造成青虾因红体病死亡的原因，初期主要是因为鳃片的组织病变导致呼吸困难，进而造成青虾生理异常；后期主要是因为肝胰脏的溃烂造成消化功能全面丧失。

Observations on the histopathology of red body disease in Macrobrachium nipponense

Red body disease is a common epidemic of the farmed blue shrimp( Macrobrachium nipponense ). The pathogen is identified as Vibrio mimicus. The characteristics of this disease include high infection and mortality as well as causing an outbreak in large areas etc. Histological pathology investigations were conducted by the continuous sections method, together with morphological observation, to analyze the disease mechanisms. Organs samples such as gill, hepatopancreas and muscle were collected from diseased shrimps. Results showed that the histological changes in certain organ of various developmental periods of the disease were significantly different; the external symptoms were much related to the pathological conditions. In the early period of infection, the cytoplasm of gill cells begin to contract, and later the cells become swelling and burst, which cause the substance in the cell to exude through incomplete boundary. Muscle fibers become separated or even fractured in muscular tissue of a typical diseased shrimp; In the middle period of infection, some disconnection areas between hepatic lobules appear, the gland cells become deformed, and finally further infection cause the hepatic lobules to ulcerate. It could be concluded that reasons for shrimp kills are mainly resulted from the pathological changes of gill and hepatopancreas. In the early infectious stage, gills are attacked, leading to respiration difficulty and physiological disorder. In the late period, hepatopancreas ulcer is involved which causes the malfunction of digestive system. Therefore, using the antibiotics or chemicals in the early stage to control Vibrio mimicus infection and prevent the gill and alimentary canal from further infection may be a proper therapy to the red body disease.