根际促生菌在植物修复重金属污染土壤中的应用研究进展

近年来,由于土壤的重金属污染问题日益严重,迫切需要研发出高效的重金属污染土壤修复技术.植物修复技术与传统方法相比以其经济、环保与安全的特点,已成为解决土壤重金属污染问题的重要手段,特别是植物根际促生菌联合植物修复技术.评价了如何利用植物根际促生菌来提高植物对重金属的抗性、吸收与转运以及植物的生物量,从而提高植物修复重金属污染土壤的效率.简述了植物根际促生菌不仅可以分泌有机酸、生物表面活性剂等来提高土壤中重金属的生物有效性,从而直接影响植物对重金属的吸收,还可通过分泌植物生长激素吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶(ACCD)、铁载体以及促进植物对矿物元素(磷)吸收等促进了植物的生长和对重金属的抗性、间接提高植物对重金属的吸收、富集.对近年来国内外根际促生菌在植物修复中的应用进行了综述,并对其研究前景进行了展望.

Research Progress on the Applications of Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals-contaminated Soil

In recent years, since soil contaminated with heavy metals has become more serious, the appropriate technology to rehabilitate heavy-metal contaminated soil was urgently needed. Phytoremediation is recognized as a cost-effective and environmental friendly method to remediate metal contaminated soil. Due to its great potential as a viable alternative to traditional remediation methods, phytoremediation, especially PGPR-assisted phytoremediation, is currently an exciting area of active research. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play an important role in phytoremediation process. It can either increase metal bioavailability in soil, uptake and translocation of metals in plants by secreting organic acid and biosurfacatant, or promote plant growth by producing phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)], 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, siderophores and solubilizing phosphate. The applications of PGPR in phytoremedying heavy metal contaminated soil have been extensively reviewed in this paper and the suggestions have been also given for future work.