中国2004－2013年病毒性肝炎发病与死亡趋势分析

目的 探讨2004-2013年我国病毒性肝炎流行趋势及发病死亡规律。方法 对国家卫生和计划生育委员会2004-2013年发布的全国法定传染病疫情中的病毒性肝炎数据进行发病和死亡分析。结果 全国以贵州、云南、西藏、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆7个省份为高发区。病毒性肝炎的发病构成以乙型肝炎(80.63/10万)和丙型肝炎(9.68/10万)为主,分别占病毒性肝炎报告总发病例数的80.90%和9.25%.甲型、未分型肝炎报告发病数呈下降趋势,乙、丙、戊型肝炎的报告发病数均有一定程度的上升趋势。10年间,共报告病毒性肝炎死亡患者10 008例(年均死亡1 001例).甲、戊、未分型肝炎报告死亡数呈减少趋势;乙型肝炎报告死亡数波动减少,但所占构成比变化不大;丙型肝炎死亡报告数呈递增趋势。结论 2004-2013年我国病毒性肝炎发病率无下降趋势,乙型肝炎发病率仍维持在较高水平,丙型肝炎的发病率呈显着上升趋势;病毒性肝炎总体病死率和死亡率均呈下降趋势,乙型肝炎仍为病毒性肝炎死亡的主要构成,丙型肝炎死亡构成比呈明显上升趋势。因此,乙、丙型肝炎是我国病毒性肝炎的防治重点,西部7个高发病省份为防控的重点地区。

Analysis on morbidity and mortality of viral hepatitis in China,2004-2013

Objective To understand the incidence and death patterns of viral hepatitis in China and provide evidence for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis. Methods The analysis was conducted on the incidence and death data of viral hepatitis published by National Health and Family Planning Commission during 2004-2013. Results The incidences of viral hepatitis in Guizhou,Yunnan,Tibet,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang provinces (autonomous region) were high. The major forms were hepatitis B (80.63/100 000) and hepatitis C (9.68/100 000),accounting for 80.90% and 9.25% of the total reported viral hepatitis cases respectively. The incidences of hepatitis A and unidentified hepatitis decreased and the incidence of hepatitis B,C and E increased during this period. During the 10 years,10 008 deaths caused by viral hepatitis were reported (1 001 deaths per year). The reported deaths caused by hepatitis A,hepatitis E and unidentified hepatitis decreased during this period. The reported deaths caused by hepatitis B were in a downward trend,but the constituent in total cases remained high. The reported deaths caused by hepatitis C were in an upward trend. Conclusion During 2004-2013,the overall incidence of viral hepatitis showed no downward trend in China. The incidence of hepatitis B remained high,and the incidence of hepatitis C showed an obvious upward trend. The overall death rate and case fatality rate of viral hepatitis showed a downward trend,but hepatitis B remained the main cause of viral hepatitis related death,and the death caused by hepatitis C was in increase. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are the major targets in the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis in China,and the 7 western provinces(autonomous region) with high incidences are the key regions of the prevention and control.