山西某碱铝硅质型铜尾矿制备高强陶粒的正交试验研究

我国尾矿资源的综合利用一直是一个难题。以山西某碱铝硅质型铜尾矿为主要原料制备了高强陶粒轻集料。基于原料化学成分分析进行物料配比试验、粉磨试验、造粒试验及设计L₁₆（45）烧成制度正交试验研究，结果表明，优选试验配方（质量配比）为:铜尾矿50%、长石25%、白云石10%、废弃土15%、黏结剂水玻璃的用量（原料质量比）为5%。确定最优烧成制度为:预热温度800℃、预热时间20 min、烧成温度1 170℃、烧成时间15 min。最终烧制出的尾矿陶粒轻集料堆积密度为874 kg/m3，筒压强度达到7.5 MPa，吸水率为2.1%，为铜尾矿的高附加值综合利用提供了一个新的解决方案。 

Orthogonal Experimental Study on the Preparation of High Strength Ceramsite by Alkali-aluminum-siliceous Tailings in Shanxi

The comprehensive utilization of tailing resources in China has always been a challenge. Alkali-Aluminum-Siliceous tailings in Shanxi were used as the main raw material for the preparation of high strength ceramsite. The relationship among the material properties, the ratio of raw materials, grinding fineness, and L₁₆(45) orthogonal research of sintering system were studied based on the chemical analysis. Comprehensive optimization program, to determine the optimal firing system:The final tailings fired ceramic tailings light aggregate bulk density of 874 kg/m3, cylinder pressure reached 7.5 MPa, water absorption of 2.1%, for the high value-added comprehensive utilization of copper tailings provides a new solution.The results showed that the optimum formula was as follows:50% of copper tailings, 25% of feldspar, 10% of dolomite, 15% of waste soil and 5% water glass was 5%. Based on these tests, the optimal firing system was determined as follows:preheating temperature of 800℃, preheating time of 20 min, firing temperature of 1 170℃ and firing time of 15 min. The bulk density of the final tailing ceramsite lightweight aggregate was 874 kg/m3, the compressive strength reached 7.5 MPa, and the water absorption rate was 2.1%. Therefore, this study provided a new solution for the high value-added and comprehensive utilization of copper tailings.