HR-MRI在颅内动脉粥样硬化性卒中的应用进展

颅内外大动脉粥样硬化性病变是脑梗死的主要病理基础。传统的影像学检查方法因多侧重对管腔狭窄的评价,而对斑块特征的评价不够全面客观,已不能满足临床的需求。高分辨MRI(high-resolution MRI,HRMRI)因其具有安全性高、软组织分辨率高、可重复性高等特点,是唯一可以在活体内观察颅内外动脉血管壁的检查。目前HR-MRI技术已广泛应用于颅外动脉狭窄及斑块成分的分析,但在颅内动脉病变评价的应用仍处于初期研究时期。文章将从HR-MRI的成像原理、对颅内动脉狭窄程度、血管重构、斑块的分布及性质等方面的评估,对HR-MRI在颅内动脉粥样硬化性卒中的应用进展进行综述。

Application of High-resolution MRI in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stroke

Large vessel atherosclerotic disease(affecting both intracranial and extracranial arteries)is a highly prevalent cause of stroke.Traditionally,imaging methods to ascertain risk of stroke have focused on the vessel lumen,but they can fail to fully characterize disease that resides within the vessel wall.These techniques can no longer meet the clinical needs.High-resolution MRI(HR-MRI),which can be observed in vivo,has been widely used in extracranial carotid artery stenosis and plaque components,due to its advantages of safety,noninvasive,high soft tissue resolution and good repeatability.But its application in intracranial artery stenosis is still in the exploration stage.In this review,we will review the application of HR-MRI in intracranial atherosclerotic stroke according its imaging principle,evaluation of intracranial artery stenosis,vascular remodeling,distribution and the characteristic of plaques.