翠碧一号鲜烟叶素质及烘烤特性研究

  目的  探索翠碧一号较难烘烤的原因。  方法  以云烟87为对照，研究了翠碧一号与云烟87成熟鲜烟叶SPAD值、色素、水分、化学成分、酶活性、组织结构及多酚等方面的差异，以及烟叶在暗箱中的变色特性。  结果  1）翠碧一号、云烟87的成熟鲜烟叶素质和烘烤特性存在显著差异，与云烟87成熟鲜烟叶相比，翠碧一号的SPAD值平均高出2.32，叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量分别高出15.63%、55.56%，束缚水、总糖、还原糖含量较高，POD、PPO、SOD、淀粉酶活性较高，中部叶叶片、栅栏组织厚度较厚，分别厚出3.07 μm、8.60 μm，结构紧密，绿原酸含量较高。2）翠碧一号成熟鲜烟叶暗箱自然变黄速度较慢，变褐速度较快，且在烟叶基本全黄之前开始变褐，其易烤性和耐烤性较差。这为翠碧一号烘烤调控温湿度、促进烟叶变黄失水协调性、减少青杂僵等现象提供了参考。 

Study on quality and curing characteristics of CB-1 fresh leaves

In order to further explore the reason why characteristic tobacco variety CB-1 is difficult to be cured, this study investigates the differences in the SPAD, pigment, moisture, chemical composition, enzyme activity, organization structure and polyphenols between CB-1 and Yunyan 87 in mature fresh tobacco leaves as well as the color changing characteristics of leaves in the black-box. The results showed that there were significant differences in the quality and curing characteristics of mature fresh tobacco leaves of CB-1 and Yunyan 87. Compared with Yunyan87 mature fresh leaves, the average SPAD value of CB-1 mature fresh tobacco leaves was higher by 2.32, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were higher by 15.63% and 55.56%, respectively, the leaf bound moisture, total sugar and reducing sugar contents were higher, the activities of POD, PPO, SOD, amylase were higher, the thickness and palisade tissue of middle leaves were thicker by 3.07 μm, 8.60 μm, respectively, and the chlorogenic acid content was higher. CB-1 fresh leaves showed slower natural yellowing speed but faster browning speed. In fact, the leaves began to turn brown before turning almost completely yellow, indicating poor curability and curing resistance. This study provides a reference for regulating temperature and humidity, promoting yellowing and water loss coordination, reducing green-yellow, variegated and slick tobacco leaves of CB-1 flue curing.