从“精细化”到“精准化”:乡村公共服务供给的逻辑转向

“项目进村”是国家力量嵌入乡村社会治理的重要变量，也是重塑国家资源分配体制的重要渠道。现行资源下乡体制下，乡村公共服务“项目制”供给构筑了一整套“精细化”的公共产品分配、管理和输送体系。这在确保国家意图高效率投射乡村的同时，也因过度技术性的流程把控削减了对乡村实际面向的关照，从而出现产品供需脱节、服务目标替代、内生服务能力削弱等“公共服务弱化”的意外后果。对此，厘清涉及“需求识别”“定向配置”“长效管理”等价值的公共服务“精准化”供给逻辑，对改善“项目进村”效果具有重要现实意义。时下乡村公共服务“精准化”供给不仅应推动现有服务资源供给评价方式和多元参与模式的改良，也应促进公共服务数字赋能和内生机制的革新，实现“过程精细”和“结果精准”的有机结合。

From "Refinement" to "Precision":The Logical Turn of Rural Public Service Supply

"Project entering into village" is not only an important variable in which the state power is embedded in rural social governance since this century,but also an importantchannel to reshape the national resource distribution system.Under the current system of resources going to the countryside,the "project system" of rural public service has constructed a set of "fine" system for the distribution,management and transportation of public goods,which ensures the high efficiency of the state intention to project rural areas.However,at the same time,it also reduces the attention to the actual aspects of rural areas,resulting in the unexpected consequences of "weakening public services",such as the disconnection of product supply and demand,replacement of service objectives,and the weakening of endogenous service capacity.In this regard,to clarify the "precise" supply logic of public services related to the values of "demand identification","directional allocation" and "long-term management" is of practical significance to improve the effect of "project entering into village".At present,the "precise" supply of rural public services should not only promote the existing evaluation methods and multiple participation models of service resources,but also the innovation of digital empowerment and endogenous mechanism of public services,so as to achieve the organic combination of "fine process" and "precise results".