防治芹菜上重要害虫的替代药剂筛选及其膳食暴露风险评估

为了筛选防治芹菜上重要害虫的替代药剂，在上海市及银川市开展5%吡虫啉颗粒剂、0.5%阿维菌素颗粒剂及5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂在芹菜上的田间试验，通过液相色谱-串联质谱法检测3种农药在芹菜上的残留量，并分别对3种农药进行膳食暴露风险评估。结果表明，5%吡虫啉颗粒剂、0.5%阿维菌素颗粒剂及5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂分别以推荐剂量施用于芹菜后，收获期吡虫啉及阿维菌素在芹菜上最大残留量分别为0.97 mg/kg及0.01 mg/kg,氯虫苯甲酰胺安全间隔期内(1 d)在芹菜上的最大残留量为5.24 mg/kg,均低于其在芹菜上的最大残留限量值。中国居民摄入吡虫啉、阿维菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺的慢性暴露风险(%ADI)最大值为5.17%,急性暴露风险(%ARfD)最大值为11.20%,均远低于100%,膳食暴露风险低。结果表明吡虫啉、阿维菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺可替代高毒农药用于芹菜上关键虫害的防治。

Screening and dietary intake risk assessment of alterative insecticides for Apium graveolens var. dulce

The objective of this study was to discover alterative insecticides for celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce). Residue experiments of imidacloprid 5% GR, abamectin 0.5% GR and chlorantraniliprole 5% SC in celery were carried out in Shanghai and Yinchuan. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrum (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the residues of these insecticides in celery. Dietary intake risk assessments were performed. Field experiments showed that the final maximal residues of imidacloprid 5% GR, abamectin 0.5% GR and chlorantraniliprole 5% SC in celery collected at safe intervals were 0.97 mg/kg, 0.01 mg/kg, and 5.24 mg/kg respectively, when they were applied at their recommended dosages. All of the final concentrations were below their maximum residue limits in celery. The risk assessments showed that the maximum value of %ADI of imidacloprid, abamectin and chlorantraniliprole was 5.17%, and that of %ARfD was 11.2%, which were far below 100% with a low exposure risk. Therefore, imidacloprid, abamectin and chlorantraniliprole were applicable as alterative insecticides for celery.