南疆地区197例患者泌尿系结石成份分析

目的探讨南疆地区泌尿系结石患者的结石成份及防治方法。方法搜集新疆南部地区与三聚氰胺奶粉相关尿路结石病例197例。手术取石,采用红外光谱自动分析仪定性检测。结果除外8例资料不全,纳入统计189例,共检测出8种成份,其中单纯成份结石51.85%（98例）,混合成份结石48.15%（91例）。按结石主要成份分为含钙结石72例（38%）,非钙结石66例（34.8%）,混合型结石51例（28%）。各种成份的结石病例的构成比从高到低依次为尿酸铵结石44例（44.9%）,一水草酸钙和尿酸铵28例（28.5%）,一水草酸钙24例（26.3%）。三种结石的临床特点是67%为维吾尔族患者,男性占71%,且52.8%为3岁以下婴幼儿;肾结石占61.4%;尿酸铵是主要的结石成份,草酸钙结石具一定比例。结论新疆南部地区维吾尔族男性肾结石发病率明显高于汉族男性;同时发现三聚氰胺奶粉易诱导维族男性婴幼儿患尿酸铵结石,应进一步探讨诱因,及早治疗。

Analysis of chemical composition of urinary calculi

Objective To analyze the composition of urinary stone and investigate its prevention method.Methods 197 cases with urinary stones related to melamine milk were collected.The qualitative determination was performed by infrared spectroscopy automatic analyzer.Results 8 components in urinary stone were detected.98 cases（51.8%） were pure type,while 91 cases（48.1%） were the mixed type.38% of the calculi were calcium-containing stones.34.8% of the stones were non-calcium-containing.The rest were mixed.The percentage of various stone compositions were as follows： urinary ammonium calculi was 44.9%（48 cases）,calcium oxalate monohydrate（COM） ＋ urinary ammonium calculi was 28.5%（28 cases）,calcium lactate was 26.8%（24cases）.The clinical features of three kinds of urinary stones were Uygur nationality cases accounted for 67%,71% male and 52.8% was infants under 3 years old.The proportion of patients with kidney stones was 61.4%.The urinary stones ammonium was the main ingredient,while a certain percentage of patients with calcium oxalate stones.Conclusion Combination of case history,inferred that incidence of kidney stones in Uighur nationality is higher than that of Han nationality significantly.It is inferred that urinary ammonium stones could be easily induced by melamine milk powder.