太行山低山丘陵区7种典型植物水分利用特征

 为准确评价植物对环境的适应性,以太行山低山丘陵区的7种典型植物为对象,通过测定植物蒸腾速率、光合速率以及水分利用效率等指标,研究不同植物的水分利用特征。结果表明:1)在所研究的7种植物中,火炬树、侧柏、刺槐、荆条和酸枣5种植物的蒸腾速率日变化都属于单峰型;栓皮栎和黄连木为双峰型,双峰型主要与植物的"午休"现象有关,是植物对高温、干旱环境胁迫的主动适应;2)植物之间的水分利用效率有较大的差异,刺槐具有最高的水分利用效率;水分利用效率日均值排序为刺槐>酸枣>栓皮栎>黄连木>荆条>火炬树>侧柏,蒸腾耗水量排序为栓皮栎>火炬树>侧柏>黄连木>刺槐>荆条>酸枣;3)根据蒸腾耗水量和水分利用效率,测试植物可以分为3种类型,栓皮栎和酸枣属于高蒸腾耗水量和高水分利用效率类型,侧柏属于低蒸腾耗水量和低水分利用效率类型,刺槐则属于低蒸腾耗水量和高水分利用效率类型,具有最大的水分竞争优势。

Water utilization characteristics of 7 typical plant species in hilly region of Taihang Mountains

To evaluate the environment adaptability of plants,using the Li-6400 photosynthesis measuring system and Ci-203 LAI measurement instrument,we measured the indexes such as daily process of transpiration rate,photosynthesis rate and water utilization efficiency of 7 typical plant species in hilly region,Taihang Mountains in order to study the characteristics of the water utilization.The results show that： 1） The daily process of transpiration rate had single peak for 5 species,Rhus typhina,Platycladus orientalis,Robinia pseudoacacia,Vitex negundo,Ziziphus jujube,and double peak for 2 plant species,Quercus variabilis and Pistacia chinensis.The doublet is related to plants＇ siesta,which shows its initiative adaption to high temperature and drought.The correlation analysis showed that between the photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate there is a firm relationship for 7 species,and for the shrub,a significant one.2） The WUE（water utilization efficiencies） were significantly different among 7 plant species,meanwhile the Robinia pseudoacacia has a higher value.The descending order of the average WUE value was Robinia pseudoacacia,Ziziphus jujube,Quercus variabilis,Pistacia chinensis,Vitex negundo,Rhus typhina,Platycladus orientalis,as for water consumption per hectare,was Quercus variabilis,Rhus typhina,Platycladus orientalis,Pistacia chinensis,Robinia pseudoacacia,Vitex negundo,Ziziphus jujube.3） According to water consumption and water utilization efficiency the tested plants could be divided into 3 types： Quercus variabilis and Ziziphus jujube,belongs to higher water consumption and water utilization efficiency type,Platycladus orientalis,the lower water consumption and water utilization efficiency type;as for Robinia pseudoacacia,the lower water consumption and high water utilization efficiency type,which showed the greatest advantage in water competition among 7 species.