油砂沥青分离技术研究进展

油砂作为一种储量丰富的非常规石油资源，越来越受到世界各国的广泛关注。对于油砂的加工利用，其前提就是油砂沥青的分离，因此对其技术的研究十分必要。本文首先介绍了油砂的组成及分类，然后着重对几种主要油砂分离技术（热水洗法、有机溶剂萃取法、超临界流体萃取法、超声波辅助萃取法、离子液体萃取法和热解干馏法）的优缺点进行了汇总，并详细分析了它们各自的分离流程。其中，热水洗法、有机溶剂萃取法和热解干馏法是目前研究相对成熟的3种方法，而其他方法虽然分离效果相对高，但是对工艺条件和设备的要求较高，导致较高的投资和运行成本，因此还需要对这些油砂沥青分离工艺进行更加深入的研究，以满足工业化应用的要求。最后，对油砂沥青分离技术的发展前景进行了展望。

Research progress on separation technologies of oil sand bitumen

The oil sand as a kind of unconventional oil resource has attracted widespread concerns all over the world due to its abundant reserves. It is necessary to study the oil sand bitumen separation technology as result of that the separation of oil sand bitumen is the premise of processing and utilization of oil sand resources. The composition and classification of oil sand are introduced. The characteristics of several major separation technologies (i.e., hot-water extraction, solvent extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, ionic liquids extraction and pyrolysis) are then summarized, and their own separation process are analyzed in detail. The development prospect of separation technology of oil sand bitumen is simultaneously forecasted.