船用海水淡化装置的产水水质特性及经济性分析

船用海水淡化装置是远洋船泊的必备设备之一，对产水水质特性及经济性进行研究具有重要的意义。本文设计搭建了一套板式蒸馏造水机性能测试平台，对系统产水pH和电导率随真空度变化规律以及进料水盐度和真空度对产水溶解性固体总量（TDS）的影响进行了研究，同时建立淡水成本数学模型探讨真空度和进料水流量引起的淡水产量变化对造水成本的影响，并进一步分析了油价、水价和渔船航行距离对淡水成本的敏感性问题。结果表明：真空度一定的情况下，进料水盐度升高，系统产水的TDS增大；真空度变化对系统产水pH影响不大，而对系统产水电导率、TDS和淡化水成本影响较大，且随着真空度的升高呈减小趋势。进料水流量为150L/h时，系统产水率最优造水成本最低，造水成本差价对油价的敏感性最高并且造水成本始终低于渔船运输淡水成本。

Water quality characteristics and economic analysis of marine water generating machine

Seawater desalination device is one of the necessities on ocean going vessels. It has a great significance to analyze the characteristics of freshwater and the seawater desalination economy. A performance testing platform for plate-type desalination system was built to study the influence of vacuum degree on pH and the electrical conductivity of freshwater, as well as the effect of feed concentration and vacuum degree caused on total dissolved solids(TDS). Meanwhile, this paper established freshwater cost mathematical model to investigate the influence of water production caused by vacuum degree and feed flow on the cost of seawater desalination. Then the sensitivities of oil price, fresh water price and sailing distance of fishing vessel to the cost of fresh water was analyzed further. The results showed that, in the case of constant vacuum degree, the TDS value of freshwater increased with the increase of the feed salinity. Moreover, the vacuum degree had minor effect on pH but strong influence on electrical conductivity. TDS and cost decreased as the vacuum degree increase. Furthermore, when the feed flow was 150L/h, water production was optimal and the cost of freshwater was the lowest. Lastly, the cost difference of seawater desalination was most sensitive to oil price and the cost of freshwater production was always lower than the fresh water transportation fee.