离子液体在贵金属回收中的研究进展

贵金属作为一类不可再生资源，在工业和军工方面有着重要用途，但贵金属资源在全球分配和供求上存在严重不均衡，凸显了其资源化回收再利用的重要性。离子液体是一种新型绿色溶剂，拥有许多优良特性，如无毒、低挥发性、可设计性强等，具有替代传统有机溶剂和萃取剂的潜力，在萃取分离各个领域得到广泛关注，成为研究的热点。综述了近年离子液体在几种常见贵金属离子萃取分离方面的研究进展，并对离子液体用于贵金属萃取分离过程的研究方向进行了展望。

Research Progress of Ionic Liquids in Recovery of Precious Metals

As a kind of non-renewable resources, precious metals have important uses in industry and military industry. However, there is serious imbalance in global distribution and supply and demand of precious metals resources, which highlights the importance of resource recovery and reuse. Ionic liquids(ILs) are a new kind of green solvent, with many excellent characteristics, such as non-toxic, low volatility, strong designability and so on. It has the potential of alternatives to traditional organic solvent and extracting agent, and has been widely concerned in various fields of extraction and separation, which becoming the research hotspot. The study progress of ILs in separation of precious metals by ion extraction in recent years was summarized. The application of ILs in extraction and separation of precious metals was prospected.