高效能超音速等离子喷涂技术的研究与开发应用

根据“高效能、超音速”等离子喷涂枪的设计指导思想，对超音速等离子喷涂枪的枪体、水路、气路、阴阳极结构及送粉结构进行了全新设计，利用等离子体物理学、流体力学和工程热力学的理论设计了独特的单阳极Laval喷嘴。通过对该喷涂枪和制备的涂层性能测试研究表明，该喷涂枪实现了低功率（＜80kW）、小气体流量（＜6m^3/h)条件下的高效能超音速等离子喷涂，在有效喷涂距离内的粒子飞行速度达450m/s。喷枪的主要性能指标：焰流速度、粉末沉积效率、涂层与能耗比、电极的性价比均达到或超过了美国TAFA公司的PlazJet高能高速等离子喷涂枪。制造陶瓷涂层的结合强度、孔隙率、显微硬度等性能明显优于METCO.9M普通等离子喷，但运行成本仅为国外超音速PlazJet等离子喷涂的一半。高效能超音速等离子喷涂技术在工业、国防、航空的功能领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Research,Development and Application of High-efficiency Ultrasonic Plazjet Coating Technique

According to the design idea of the high_efficiency and ultrasonic plazjet gun, structures of the gun body, water path, air path, the negative and positive poles and the powder delivering structure have been newly designed, and a unique single_negative pole Laval jet has been designed using the plasma physics, fluid mechanics and engineering thermodynamics theories. In the coating specifications detecting of the plazjet gun and the coating, the high_efficiency and ultrasonic spray coating have been realized under low power (<80kW) and low air fluid (<6m 3/h), and the particle flying speed reaches 450 m/s within the effective spray coating distance. The main specifications of the jet gun such as the flame moving speed, the powder sedimentation efficiency, ratio of the coating & energy consumption and the cost efficiency of the pole have reached or surpassed those of the PlazJet high efficiency ultrasonic coating gun of TAFA Company of America. The bond strength, pore space and microhardness of the ceramics coating prepared by this gun are better obviously than the common METCO.9M plasma gun, but the running cost is only the half of the foreign ultrasonic PlazJet coating.