别嘌醇致药物超敏反应综合征4例并文献复习

正药物超敏综合征(drug hypersensitivity syndrome,DHS)是一种药物引起的特异质反应,临床以急性广泛性皮损,伴有发热、淋巴结肿大、多器官受累(特别是肝脏)以及血液异常为特点。常见的药物有:氨苯砜、磺胺类药物、卡马西平、苯妥英、苯巴比妥、阿巴卡韦、别嘌醇以及米诺环素等,其他药物很少发生~(1])。别嘌醇是治疗痛风和高尿酸血症主要药物。近年来,随着人们饮食结构和生活方式改变,高尿酸血症以及痛风患者日益增多,别嘌醇引起药疹的比例也逐渐增加,且该类药物引起的药疹通常病

Drug Hypersensitivity SyndromeCaused by Allopurinol: Analysis of 4 Cases and Literature Review

Objective To analysis the clinic features and treatment of drug hypersensitivity syndrome(DHS) casused by allopurinol. Methods Clinical data of 4 patients with DHS caused by allopurinol admitted to our hospital in recent years were retrospectively analyzed and literature review. Results Four patients complained of fever, generalized rash, impaired renal and hepatic function and hematologic abnormalities after allopurinol treatment for gout. Three patients had dramatic improvement in clinical, one of the patients died. Conclusion DHS characterized by long incubation period, severe condition, relapse and high mortality rate.Using enough dose of glucocorticoid early or adding large dose of Ig can provide dramatic improvement in clinical condition.