P2X受体在癌痛机制中的作用

癌痛是肿瘤患者最常见且最难控制的症状之一。为了提高肿瘤患者的生活质量，癌痛治疗越早越好，最好与肿瘤治疗同步进行。P2X受体是三磷酸腺苷（ATP）的门控离子通道，其在感觉神经元、癌症细胞和胶质细胞等免疫细胞上均有表达。肿瘤微环境中含有丰富的细胞外ATP，通过P2X受体介导的嘌呤信号可能是癌症发生/发展和癌痛的共同通路。研究P2X受体在癌症进展和癌痛中的机制，可以为肿瘤患者一体化的治疗提供可能。本文对P2X受体在癌症发生/发展和癌痛中的研究近况及P2X受体拮抗剂在癌痛和肿瘤转移方面的应用研究进行了总结。

The role of P2X receptors in cancer pain mechanisms

Pain is one of the most common symptoms and very difficult to control in cancer patients.In order to improve the life quality of cancer patients，it would be best to treat pain simultaneously with the tumor therapy.The earlier treatment of cancer pain，the result will be better.P2X receptors are ion gated channels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and expressed on sensory neurons，cancer cells，glial cells and other immune cells.Extracellular ATP is rich in tumor microenvironment.P2X receptor-mediated purine signals may be the common pathway of tumor occurrence/development and cancer pain.It may provide integrated treatment for cancer patients to research the mechanisms of P2X receptors in cancer progression and cancer pain.In this paper，we summarized recent research status of P2X receptors in tumor occurrence/development and cancer pain，and the role of P2X receptors antagonists in cancer pain and tumor metastasis.