老年中厚皮供皮区回植自体刃厚皮疗效观察

  目的  观察老年患者自体刃厚皮回植中厚皮供皮区的治疗效果，探寻一种新的治疗方法。  方法  选取2019年3月—2020年6月嘉兴市中医院烧伤整形科就诊并符合入组条件的老年深度烧伤、瘢痕挛缩患者50例，采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组，每组各25例。2组患者均选取大腿前外侧为供皮区，切取中厚皮片0.3~0.4 mm，修复烧伤、功能部位及瘢痕整形等创面。治疗组从中厚皮片供皮区旁切取刃厚皮片0.12~0.15 mm，皮片打孔移植于中厚皮片供皮区；对照组供皮区外敷凡士林纱布后加压包扎；比较2组患者中厚皮片供皮区愈合时间、温哥华瘢痕量表评分、瘙痒评分情况。  结果  术后第7天治疗组中厚皮片供皮区移植皮片全部成活, 中厚皮片供皮区愈合时间为9.0(8.0, 12.0) d, 显著短于对照组的21.0(20.5, 24.5) d, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。术后3个月治疗组供皮区温哥华瘢痕量表评分3.0(2.0, 3.5)分]低于对照组10.0(9.0, 11.0)分], 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);瘙痒评分1.0(1.0, 2.0) 分]低于对照组6.0(5.0, 7.0)分], 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。术后半年治疗组供皮区温哥华瘢痕量表评分1.0(0.5, 1.5)分]低于对照组6.0(4.0, 8.5)分], 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);瘙痒评分1.0(1.0, 1.0)分]低于对照组2.0(1.0, 2.5)分], 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。  结论  采用自体刃厚皮移植老年中厚皮片供皮区可明显缩短创面愈合时间，减轻瘢痕增生程度，具有较好的临床效果。 

Observation on the curative effect of replantation of autologous thick skin in the donor area of elderly medium-thickness skin

  Objective  To observe the therapeutic effect of autologous thick skin replantation in the donor area of medium-thickness skin in elderly patients and explore a new therapeutic method.  Methods  A total of 50 elderly patients with deep burns and scar contracture who were admitted to the Department of Burns and Orthopaedics of Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2019 to June 2020 and who met the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into the treatment group and the control group by random number table method, with 25 patients in each group. The anterolateral thigh was selected as the donor area in both groups, and medium-thickness skin slices (0.3-0.4 mm) were cut to repair burns, functional parts, scars and other wounds. In the treatment group, blade thick skin slices (0.12-0.15 mm) were cut beside the donor area of the medium-thickness skin slices, and the slices were perforated and transplanted into the donor area of the medium-thickness skin slices. The donor area of the control group was covered with Vaseline gauze and then bandaged under pressure. The healing time, Vancouver Scar Scale score and pruritus score of medium-thickness skin donor site were compared between the two groups.  Results  On the 7th day after operation, all the donor grafts in the treatment group survived, and the healing time of donor grafts in the treatment group 9.0(8.0, 12.0) d] was significantly shorter than that in the control group 21.0(20.5, 24.5) d], with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Three months after surgery, the Vancouver Scar Scale score in the treatment group 3.0(2.0, 3.5) points] was lower than that in the control group 10.0(9.0, 11.0) points], the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the pruritus score 1.0(1.0, 2.0) points] was lower than that in the control group 6.0(5.0, 7.0) points], and the difference was statistically significant all (P < 0.05). Six months after surgery, the Vancouver scar scale score in the donor area of the treatment group 1.0(0.5, 1.5) points] was lower than that of the control group 6.0(4.0, 8.5) points], the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the pruri- tus score 1.0(1.0, 1.0) points] was lower than that of the control group 2.0(1.0, 2.5) points], the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The use of autologous blade thick skin grafting medium-thickness skin donor area can significantly shorten the wound healing time, reduce the degree of scar hyperplasia and has a good clinical effect.