全面评估，合理决策:基于胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂用药风险的最新发现

胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂(glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, GLP-1RAs)作为一种新型降糖药物，被广泛应用于2型糖尿病的治疗。GLP-1RAs能够有效降低血糖且低血糖风险小，此外，GLP-1RAs减重效果显著，兼具一定的心血管及肾脏保护作用; 轻中度胃肠道症状是GLP-1RAs最常见的不良反应，一般随时间延长可逐渐减轻。最新研究显示，GLP-1RAs的使用与胆囊或胆道疾病发生风险相关，尤其在高剂量、长时间使用以及用于减重治疗时，风险显著增加，但胆囊或胆道疾病的绝对风险不高。临床医生需全面权衡GLP-1RAs使用的获益与风险，并与患者共同作出合理决策。

Comprehensive Assessment and Rational Decision-making: Based on Recent FindingsAbout Safety of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), as a kind of novel hypoglycemic agent, are widely used in patients with type 2 diabetes. GLP-1RAs are effective in glycemic control with low risk of hypoglycemia, significant weight loss, and cardiovascular benefit and renal protection. The most common adverse effects of GLP-1RAs are mild to moderate gastrointestinal symptoms, which generally resolve over time. The use of GLP-1RAs also increases the risk of gallbladder or biliary diseases, especially when used at higher doses, for longer durations, and for weight loss, but the absolute risk of gallbladder or biliary tract disease is small. Clinicians and patients need to carefully weigh the benefits and risks of GLP-1RAs to make decisions for the rational use of GLP-1RAs.