NH3-H2S环境蜡油加氢空冷出口管道冲蚀损伤特性预测模型

以蜡油加氢反应流出物空冷器出口管道为研究对象，基于腐蚀性介质组分H₂S、NH₃在水相中不同温度下的分布特性分析，揭示了多组分流体流动过程中的冲蚀损伤机理，构建了空冷器出口管道冲蚀损伤特性的预测方法。采用Mixture模型与k-ω湍流模型对出口管道的冲蚀损伤特性进行了数值模拟，并采用剪切应力、传质系数、损伤速率等参数对冲蚀损伤特性进行了定量表征。结果表明：随着空冷器出口管系距离三通中心轴向距离的增加，管内流体流速和水相体积分数不断增加，传质系数和损伤速率较大区域位于管道底部区域，传质系数最大值为5.055×10^-4m/s，最大损伤速率为0.153 mm/a；剪切应力最大位置位于三通管道底部距离中心约760 mm处，综合判定该区域为发生冲蚀损伤的最高风险区域；预测的冲蚀损伤高风险区域与实际测厚减薄最严重区域基本重合，研究成果可为空冷器出口管系的测厚布点及寿命预测提供技术支撑。

Prediction Model of Erosion Damage Characteristics of NH3-H2S Environment Wax Oil Hydrogenated Air Cooler Outlet Pipeline System

The outlet pipeline of the air cooler for hydrotreating effluent of wax oil was taken as the research object. Based on the analysis of distribution characteristics of corrosive components H₂S and NH₃ in aqueous phase at different temperatures, the mechanism of erosion damage in multi-component fluid flow was revealed. The mixture and k-ωmodels were used to simulate erosion damage characteristics of the export pipeline. Parameters such as shear stress, mass transfer coefficient, and erosion rate were used to quantitatively characterize the offset erosion damage characteristics. The results show that the flow velocity and liquid phase fraction increase with the increase of the axial distance between the outlet piping system and the center of the tee pipe, and the large area of mass transfer coefficient and damage rate are located at the bottom of the pipeline. The maximum mass transfer coefficient is 5.055×10^-4m/s, and the maximum damage rate is 0.153 mm/a. The maximum shear stress is located at the bottom of the tee pipeline 760 mm away from the center, and is determined to be the area with the highest risk of erosion damage, which is consistent with the most serious area of definite thickness reduction.