基于知识图谱和PSR框架的北京区域土壤重金属研究现状分析

系统认识区域土壤重金属问题,可为土壤环境可持续管理提供参考借鉴。本研究以北京市土壤重金属研究中文文献为基础,利用知识图谱和传统文献综述法相结合的方式,可视化地展示了北京市土壤重金属研究现状及结构特点,其次,按照PSR框架,从城市用地系统、农业用地系统和工矿用地系统3个方面对文献知识进行了初步挖掘和梳理,并进一步指出今后研究的重点。研究表明:1)北京市土壤重金属研究可划分为大尺度基础性调查阶段(1990年之前),小尺度针对性研究阶段(1991年—2000年)以及研究全面开展阶段(2001年之后);陈同斌、王纪华、季宏兵、孙丹峰等团队是主要研究团队,为北京市土壤重金属风险管理提供了大量数据和方法支持;2)土壤重金属累积状态与产业结构布局、土地利用方式等有较好的对应关系,不同土地利用类型呈现出不同的累积特点,污染风险整体不高。20世纪90年代以来政府陆续实施了一系列治污减排措施,在一定程度上减缓了北京市土壤重金属累积速率。

The current status of the soil heavy metals research in Beijing based on mapping knowledge domain and PSR framework

In order to understand the research status of soil heavy metals in Beijing systematically,the development process and structural relationship of soil heavy metals research in Beijing are visualized with combination of mapping knowledge domain and traditional literature review,based on the Chinese literature on soil heavy metals studies in Beijing.The knowledge was then systematically mined and integrated using the framework of pressure-state-response.The results show that:1) Three stages of the soil heavy metals research in Beijing are conducted,large-scale basic investigation stage (before 1990),small-scale targeted research stage (1991-2000) and the integrated research (after 2001).The major groups including CHEN Tongbin,WANG Jihua,JI Hongbing,and SUN Danfeng,et al.,provide a large amount of data and theoretical support for Beijing soil heavy metal risk management;2) The accumulation state of soil heavy metal is related with industrial structure and land use,meaning different land use types have different accumulation characteristics.The probability of heavy metal potential risk falls into the safe category for most areas.The government has implemented a series of pollution reduction measures since 1990s leading to reduction in the accumulation rate of soil heavy metals in Beijing.