广州及其周边地区非甲烷低分子碳氢化合物的初步研究

采用室外现场采样及室内分析方法,研究了广州及其周边地区非甲烷小分子碳氢化合物的组成及浓度。结果发现:(1)4个采样点中,大气中被监测的饱和烷烃总浓度顺序为白云山>流溪河>鼎湖山>鹤山,其主要成分是乙烷和丙烷,二者在总饱和烃中占的百分数分别是71%(鼎湖山)、78%(鹤山)、52%(白云山)和67%(流溪河);(2)不饱和烃中,4个采样点1,3-丁二烯烃的浓度远低于其他3种不饱和烷烃,其在不饱和烷烃中所占的比例分别是1.49%(鼎湖山)、1.45%(白云山)、1.51%(流溪河)和0.99%(鹤山),4个样点的乙炔浓度都非常高,其浓度接近甚至超过乙烯浓度;(3)除鼎湖山外,鹤山、白云山和流溪河采样点上的甲苯浓度明显高于其他芳香烃,浓度顺序为甲苯>苯>(间+对)二甲苯>乙烯苯>邻二甲苯,苯和甲苯占苯系物总浓度的百分比分别为82.7%(鼎湖山)、97.9%(鹤山),78.6%(白云山)和63.8%(流溪河),是低分子苯系物的主要贡献成分。

Light Atmospheric Nonmethane Hydrocarbons at Areas Around Guangzhou, China

The composition and concentration s of light atmospheric nonmethane hydrocarbons(NMHC)of four selected sites around Guangzhou were revealed in this paper.The results were summarized as follows:(1)The main components of saturated hyd rocarbons were ethane and propane,accounted f or 52%(Baiyunshan)to 78%(Heshan)of the total detected hydrocarbons.The total con-centration of all saturated hydroca rbons ranked as Baiyunshan>Liuxihe>Dinghushan>Heshan.(2)The concentration of 1,3-butadiene,only 1.49%of the total at Dinghushan,1.45%at Baiyunshan,0.99%at Heshan,1.51%at Liuxihe,was m uch lower than that of any other unsaturated hydrocarbons.Acetylene showed highest concentration at four sites,whic h was approximately equal to,even higher than ethane among the unsaturated hydrocarbons;(3)The concentration of toluene was the highest among the BTEX group at all sampling sites except Di nghushan and showed a common pattern toluene>benzene>m +p Xylenes>ethylbenzene>o -Xylene in terms of concentration.Among BTEX at the four sampling sites,benzene and toluence were the major components indicated by their percentage of the total,82.7%at Dinghushan,97.9%at Heshan,78.6%at Baiyunshan,and 63.8%at Li-uxihe,implying that these two species play the most important role among BTEX at these areas around Guangzhou.