20 世纪热带海洋海表面温度年际变化的特征

利用Hadley中心海冰和海表面温度资料集Had ISST和美国国家海洋大气管理局的扩展重建海温(ERSST)海表面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)观测数据,结合政府间气候变化专门委员会(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,IPCC)中CMIP3(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3)的24个耦合模式的模拟结果,通过经验正交函数(EOF)分解等方法,对20世纪热带海洋在的SST年际变化进行了分析。结果表明,20世纪热带海洋年际变化的主要规律是ENSO信号,且有持续增强的趋势;热带海盆间存在显著的SST梯度,其长期变化与热带东太平洋显著相关。本文结论有利于理解在全球变暖背景下,海盆间的相互作用对赤道海域气候改变的影响。

Interannual variability of sea surface temperature in the tropical oceans in the 20th century

Using observations of sea surface temperature (SST) from HadISST and ERSST and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) database in the 20th century, we analyzed the spatial variations in the long-term variation of SST over the tropical oceans in the twentieth century. The results displayed that the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and long term linear trend were the most significant signals, and this signal also displayed a long term linear trend. Observed Equatorial Indo-Pacific Sector SST exhibited a zonally asymmetric evolution: while the eastern part of the Equatorial Pacific showed only a weak warming, or even cooling in one SST dataset, the western part and the Equatorial Indian Ocean exhibited a rather strong warming. The zonally asymmetric correlated the eastern part of the Equatorial Pacific significantly. These results may be important in the context of global warming, as regional climate changes in the Equatorial Sector may critically depend on inter-basin interactions.