石首市抑螺防病林空间布局优化研究

20世纪80年代以来，我国血吸虫疫区的林业血防生态工程建设已取得显著成效，但局部地区的抑螺防病林仍存在空间布局不完善、螺情反复出现的现象。在石首市钉螺孳生环境适宜性分析的基础上，采用层次分析法对钉螺孳生地的风险等级进行了评价，并通过抑螺防病林宜林地和更新区分布研究确定了抑螺防病林的空间布局优化区，以期为完善抑螺防病林建设工程布局提供依据。研究结果表明：石首市钉螺孳生高风险区主要分布在长江及其支流沿线、沟渠、塘堰和滩涂，占研究区总面积的874%。钉螺孳生中风险区主要分布在长江垸内，占总面积的2377%。钉螺孳生低风险区主要分布在大型湖泊、长江等永久水体以及城镇用地周围，占总面积的6749%。石首市抑螺防病林以中幼林为主，面积占抑螺防病林总面积的8047%。成熟林和过熟林（更新区）总面积4 51251 hm2，占抑螺防病林总面积的1405%。另有宜林地2 82336 hm2，石首市抑螺防病林优化区总面积为7 33586 hm2。其中，2395%的优化区分布在钉螺孳生的高风险区，2322%的优化区分布在钉螺孳生的中风险区，5283%的优化区分布在钉螺孳生的低风险区，是未来几年开展抑螺防病林建设的重点区域

Spatial Pattern Optimization of Snail Inhibition and Disease Prevention Forests in Shishou City,Hubei Province

Since the 1980’s, the forestry ecological engineering programs for schistosomiasis prevention had achieved remarkable results in China. However, spatial distribution of snail inhibition and disease prevention forests need further improvement. Recurrent of snail that causes schistosomiasis is common in some areas. In this paper, on the basis of the environmental suitability analysis of snail habitat in Shishou city of Hubei province, the risk grades of snail survival were assessed by the analytic hierarchy process method. The optimization areas of spatial layout of snail inhibition and disease prevention forests were identified. Suitable forestland and regenerated forestland will provide the basis for overall arrangement of the forestry schistosomiasis prevention ecological engineering. The results showed that the high risk areas of snail survival in Shishou city were mainly in tributaries, irrigation canals, ditches, ponds and beaches along the Yangtze River. These areas accounted for 874% of the study area. The medium risk areas of snail survival (2377%) were inside embankment of the Yangtze River, while the low risk areas (6749%) were in the permanent water of large lakes and the Yangtze River, and around urban area. The snail inhibition and disease prevention forests in Shishou city mostly were juvenile forest or half mature forest, accounting for 8047% of all forested area. Mature and over mature forest accounted for 1405% all forested area. The total optimization areas of snail inhibition and disease prevention forests in Shishou city were 7 33586 hm2 including 4 51251 hm2 regenerated forestland and 2 82336 hm2 suitable forestland. In which 2395% of optimization area were within the high risk areas, 2322% in the medium risk areas and 5283% in the low risk areas. The low risk areas were the priority regions for the construction of snail inhibition and disease prevention forest in the next few years in Shishou city