煤矿巷道围岩松动圈测试方法探讨

介绍了目前测试巷道围岩松动圈的不同方法及其测试原理,讨论和分析了不同测试方法的优缺点及适用范围。通过对比可以看出,声波测试法技术成熟、方法简单,但在软岩层中很难适用;多点位移计和多点应力计法可以实时监测巷道围岩的位移或应力变化,但其测试精度有限;地震波法测试精度高,但设备昂贵且安装复杂;地质雷达法不需钻孔,是一种无损测试方法,但测试成本较高;电阻率法对仪器测量精度要求较高,且对电极布置也有较高的技术要求;钻孔摄像法的图像清晰度受限于钻孔内恶劣的环境条件及摄像头的像素。因此,每一种测试方法都有其局限性,实际应用时应充分考虑巷道围岩的性质,选用适宜的方法以便准确测定巷道松动圈大小。

Analysis and discussion on testing methods of broken rock zone of surrounding rock of roadway

The paper introduced different testing methods and testing theories for broken rock zone of surrounding rock of roadway,discussed and analyzed advantages and disadvantages and scope of application of the different testing methods.By comparison,it got conclusion as follows:technology of the acoustic method is advanced and testing method is simple,but it is difficult to be applied in soft rock;the multi-point displacement measurement and the multi-point stress measurement can be applied for real-time monitoring of surrounding rock displacement or stress,but the accuracy of measurement is limited;the seismic wave method has high testing precision,but its equipment is expensive and complicated to install; the geologic radar method without drilling is a non-destructive testing method,but testing cost is high;the resistivity method has a high requirement in the precision of instrument and arrangement of electrodes; image resolution of the method of borehole camera is limited by harsh environmental conditions within the borehole and the pixel of camera.Therefore,each testing method has its limitations,nature of the surrounding rock should be considered in actual application to select appropriate method for accurate determination of broken rock zone of the roadway.