湖北典型地区茶叶-土壤重金属相关性研究

本文旨在分析湖北典型地区茶叶以及土壤中各种元素的含量,采用原子荧光法(AFS)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)等方法对135对茶叶及土壤样品进行测定,并探讨各种元素之间的相互关系和影响。研究结果表明,土壤中元素的分布对茶叶中元素含量分布有一定意义,典型区土壤养分有效磷和碱解氮较丰富,有机质和速效钾较缺乏。典型区茶叶作物表层土壤 Cd、Pb、Cu、Cr、As 均存在不同程度的超标。土壤 Cd 和 Hg 的污染指数高,潜在生态风险强。典型区茶叶可食部分重金属含量均值依次为 Cu>Pb>Cd>Hg>As>Cr,重金属元素在茶叶中含量均为中等变异性。 茶叶对 Cu、Pb 的富集系数明显高于 Hg、As、Cd、Cr,不同茶叶对同一元素的富集能力存在差异。土壤重金属含量与土壤 pH 值、CEC、有效磷、总氮等理化指标关系密切。茶叶重金属含量与土壤重金属含量水平相关性较弱,但与茶叶对重金属的富集能力均呈显著正相关关系。

Correlation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Tea and Soils in Typical Areas of Hubei

This article aims to analyze the content of various elements in tea and soil in typical areas of Hubei. Methods such as atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to determine 135 pairs of tea and soil samples, and to explore the interrelationships and effects of various elements.The research results indicate that the distribution of elements in soil has a certain significance for the distribution of element content in tea. Typical areas have abundant soil nutrients such as available phosphorus and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, while organic matter and available potassium are relatively scarce.The surface soil Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, and As of tea crops in typical areas all exceed the standard to varying degrees.The pollution index of soil Cd and Hg is high, and the potential ecological risk is strong.The average heavy metal content in the edible part of tea in typical areas is Cu>Pb>Cd>Hg>As>Cr, with moderate variability in the content of heavy metal elements in tea.The enrichment coefficient of tea for Cu and Pb is significantly higher than that of Hg, As, Cd, Cr, and there are differences in the enrichment ability of different tea leaves for the same element.The content of heavy metals in soil is closely related to physical and chemical indicators such as soil pH, CEC, available phosphorus, and total nitrogen.The correlation between heavy metal content in tea and soil is weak, but there is a significant positive correlation with the enrichment ability of tea to heavy metals.