数字地下空间与工程

从当今信息化技术在岩土及地下工程的研究现状与趋势出发,系统完整地提出了数字地下空间与工程的概念,即为地下空间与工程提供开放的信息组织方法和信息发布框架,建立完整的数据标准及数据处理方法,并提供可视化手段及相关软件。首先对地下空间与工程的基本理论框架体系进行了研究,分别从工程、信息、服务和软件架构四个角度对体系进行描述和定义,给出了地下空间与工程的数据分类体系与数据标准化方法,将地下空间与工程中的对象建模分为地质体建模、地下管线建模和地下构筑物建模三大类,并对建模方法分别进行详细阐述。然后对空间查询与空间分析方法进行了探讨,在三维可视化与虚拟现实技术方面,提出了应用时应当遵循的一些基本准则。最后结合上海长江隧道的实际工程,进行了尝试和应用。研究结果表明,数字地下空间与工程是一个信息的发布与共享平台,也是一个地下空间与工程的数字化博物馆,通过它能使复杂的地下空间与工程透明化,真正实现对庞杂的工程资料综合动态管理,提高数据可视化程度,充分体现出工程信息的价值,提高工程效率,实现工程智能决策。还阐述下一步应重点开展的一些研究工作。

DIGITAL UNDERGROUND SPACE AND ENGINEERING

After a comprehensive review on the exploitation of information technology in geotechnical engineering and underground engineering,a concept of digital underground space and engineering(DUSE) is proposed. The objectives of DUSE are strategically targeted to provide a way to obtain and organize information about underground space and engineering as follows:(1) a framework in which to publish information;(2) a set of standards about data;(2) new software and services to process useful information out of these data;and (4) new visualization tools to display all relevant information. Then,a theoretical framework of DUSE,which describes the system architecture of DUSE from the viewpoint of engineering,information,services and software system, are put forward. Thus,a taxonomy of all the data in the system is defined. Modeling of 3D space geometrical objects is divided into three categories,which are geological modeling,pipeline modeling and underground structure modeling. Accordingly,the modeling methods of each category are discussed;and spatial query tools and spatial analysis methods are examined. Some basic principles that should be followed in the process of employing visualization and virtual reality technology are also given. Finally,a case study of Shanghai Yangtze River tunnel project is provided. Research results show that DUSE is an innovative new information platform for the whole cycle life of underground space and engineering. DUSE is also a digital museum of the underground space and engineering. By employing the concept,the method and the techniques provided in DUSE,a more realistic and transparent underground space and engineering could be built;huge amount of data could be easily managed and effectively visualized. Therefore,useful information of these data can be processed,improving working efficiency and promoting the implementation of intelligent decision about the engineering project. In addition,some research topics that need to be further addressed are also discussed.