大豆花叶病毒病转基因抗性研究进展

大豆是世界上重要的豆类作物，是人类植物性蛋白和食用油的主要来源。大豆花叶病毒（soybean mosaic virus，SMV）是大豆重要的病原物之一，广泛分布于世界各大豆产区，严重影响大豆的产量和品质。目前尚无有效的化学药剂可以防治大豆花叶病毒病，培育抗病品种是最经济、安全、有效的途径。然而，传统的抗病育种周期漫长，育成品种的抗谱较窄且抗性容易因病毒的变异而丧失。转基因技术可以利用挖掘出的跨物种基因资源或通过基因编辑技术创造出新的转基因材料，从而拓宽遗传基础，这些优势使其成为大豆抗病毒研究的有力手段，为大豆抗病育种提供重要的理论依据。本文综合概述了国内外大豆花叶病毒病转基因抗性的研究进展，包括正向抗性、负向抗性、病原物诱导抗性，以期为相关领域的研究提供参考。

Advances in transgenic resistance to soybean mosaic virus disease

Soybean is one of the most important legume crop and the main source of plant protein and edible oil for human beings. Soybean mosaic virus(SMV) is one of the major pathogens widely distributing in the soybean-producing areas, which seriously affects yield and quality of soybean all over the world. At present, there is no effective chemical agent for controlling SMV disease. Breeding virus-resistant varieties is the most economical, safe, and effective approach, however, conventional breeding for disease resistance is time-consuming, and the resistance spectrum of the improved varieties is narrow and easily lost due to the viral mutations. Transgenic technology can broaden the genetic basis through utilizing the cross-species gene resources or creating novel genes via genome editing technology, and these advantages make it become a powerful method for antiviral researches in soybean, which could provide the crucial theoretical basis for soybean anti-disease breeding. Here, we have summarized the domestic and foreign research progresses of transgenic resistance to SMV disease including positive resistance, negative resistance, and pathogen-derived resistance, as a reference for related research.