湖南省2009-2014年5岁以下儿童死亡率与死因研究

目的通过对湖南省2009-2014年5岁以下儿童死亡情况的分析,掌握湖南省5岁以下儿童死亡率的变化,死因的季节变化特点。方法对2009-2014年全国网络直报系统中湖南省5岁以下儿童死亡数据进行统计分析,从年龄、年份、月份多角度分析死亡率和死因的特点。结果2009-2014年湖南省5岁以下儿童各年龄组死亡率呈逐步下降趋势,5岁以下儿童死亡率由2009年的10.65‰降到2014年的6.86‰。2014年溺水是5岁以下儿童和1-4岁儿童的首位死因,早产或低出生体重是婴儿期的首位死因。出生窒息退出5岁以下儿童死因前5位。第一、四季度是意外窒息、先天性心脏病和肺炎死亡的高发时段。结论随着对新生儿窒息复苏技术、分娩措施等技术管理的掌握,也伴随每季度天气变化等其他因素的参与,死亡率与死因顺位有阶段性的变化,提示目前的工作重点在于加强危险意识的宣教,提高家长防范意识,减少意外伤害的发生,并继续做好孕期管理、产儿科的疾病预防、应急、诊断、治疗能力,6岁以内儿童的健康体检工作,提高人口素质,为儿童的健康成长保驾护航。

Mortality rate and causes of under-five years death in Hunan Province from 2009 to 2014

ObjectiveTo analyze the data of under-five years death in Hunan Province between 2009 and 2014 in order to grasp the change of mortality rate and the seasonal variation of the causes of death.MethodsAnalyze Hunan data of the direct network report system from the perspective of age, year, month to show the characteristics of mortality rate and causes of death.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2014, the mortality rate of every age phases decreased steadily. For example, the mortality rate of under-five years death fell from 10.65% in 2009 to 6.86% in 2014. In 2014, the first cause of under-five years death and one-four years death is drowning. Premature or low birth weight is the first cause of infancy death. Asphyxia of newborn is out of the top five causes of under-five years death. Accidental suffocation, Congenital heart disease, Pneumonia are popular in the first and four quarter.ConclusionsThe transformations of above hint that we can help parents to raise awareness of danger, keep on the management of pregnancy, and we should promote the ability of prevention, emergency, diagnosis and treatment of disease in department of pediatrics and obstetrical department.