三点接触球轴承打滑动力学分析与验证

三点接触球轴承是航空发动机中的关键基础件。目前对三点接触球轴承的仿真分析多基于拟静力学模型，对于打滑、擦伤等特殊行为缺乏解释，而滚球打滑易引起滚道磨损、蹭伤等故障。在对轴承元件进行受力分析的基础上，引入滚球与左右半内圈的接触状态判断条件，采用动力学方法对三点接触球轴承进行了打滑分析。然后，分析了设计接触角及运行参数对轴承打滑率的影响。最后，通过实验研究了滚球通过内圈频率及滚球公转转速随轴向载荷及内圈转速的变化规律，并与动力学模型仿真值进行对比验证了方法的有效性。研究结果表明：轴向载荷越小或转速越高，打滑率越大；在转速和载荷工况条件相同的情况下，轴承打滑率随着设计接触角的增加而增加；而在不同转速工况下，轴承发生打滑的轴向载荷临界值不同，其数值随转速的升高而增加。

Dynamic Analysis and Verification on Skidding Behavior of Three-Point Contact Ball Bearings

Three-point contact ball bearings are key basic components in aeroengine. At present, the analysis of simulation of three-point contact ball bearings were based on quasi-static model and the explanations of skidding and scratching in bearings were rare reported while the skidding of balls are prone to induce wear and scratching defects. By introducing the condition for judging the contact state between the ball and the left and right half inner rings, skidding behaviour analysis of three-point contact bearings was conducted using dynamic method on the basis of force analysis on bearing elements. Then, the influence of contact angle and operating conditions on skidding rate was discussed. Finally, the validation of proposed method was verified by experiment on the mechanism of ball pass frequency of inner race and orbital speed of ball with varied axial load and shaft speed. The results suggest that the smaller the axial load or the higher the speed, the greater the slip rate. The skidding rate increased with the contact angle under the identical condition of shaft speed and axial load, and the critical axial load of skidding increased with shaft speed as the critical axial load varies with shaft speed.