Lipid peroxidation in nicotinamide-deficient and nicotinamide-supplemented rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes |
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Authors: | SS Melo MR Arantes MS Meirelles AA Jordão Jr H Vannucchi |
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Affiliation: | Department of Foods and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of S?o Paulo, S?,o Paulo, Brazil, BR Nutrition Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir?o Preto, University of S?o Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeir?o Preto/SP, Brazil, BR
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Abstract: | Reactive oxygen species have been related to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Nicotinamide
has been used for the prevention of the diabetogenic effects of streptozotocin (STZ) in animals. In the present study we assessed
the effect of diets with deficient, normal or 17-fold supplemented nicotinamide concentrations on the rate of lipopoeroxidation
in animals with STZ-induced diabetes. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups kept on one of the diets for six weeks:
DD, diabetic rats on a nicotinamide-deficient diet; DN, diabetic rats on a normal nicotinamide diet; and DS, diabetic rats
on a nicotinamide-supplemented diet. During the fourth week of the experiment all animals were fasted for 24 hours and injected
into the tail vein with a single STZ dose (40 mg/kg weight). Eight animals from each of the six groups were then sacrificed
24 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks after STZ injection. Mean pancreatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (nmol/mg
tissue) were significantly lower in the DS group (p < 0.05) compared to the DN and DD groups at 24 hours and during the first week. Hepatic TBARS concentrations (nmol/mg protein)
did not differ between groups. Mean hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly higher (46.76 ± 12.33 nmol/mg
protein) in the DS group compared to the DD (32.90 ± 6.70) and DN (24.55 ± 6.41) groups, but only after the 24-hour period.
Hepatic vitamin E consumption (Μg/g tissue) was considerable in the groups not supplemented with nicotinamide, whereas vitamin
E levels were unchanged in the supplemented group. In contrast, plasma vitamin E levels were decreased in the normal and supplemented
groups after 1 and 2 weeks. A higher N-methylnicotinamide excretion (μg/ 24 hours) occurred in the supplemented group. We conclude that, after induction of diabetes
with STZ, nicotinamide supplementation protected from the damage caused by the toxic action of STZ, promoting lower lipid
peroxidation.
Received: 27 September 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 3 March 2000 |
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Keywords: | Lipid peroxidation Nicotinamide Diabetes Streptozotocin Antioxidants |
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