仿生协同防污涂层的制备及性能

目的 将低表面能、仿生、纳米粒子防污技术相结合,制备出具有仿生协同效应的海洋防污涂层.方法 利用光刻法加工出带有负向形貌的硅板,以低表面能材料聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为基体,加入纳米ZnO、仿渗型防污剂苯基甲基硅油(PSO)以及固化剂、分散剂等助剂,经固化倒模,得到表面具有微米级织构的仿生协同效应的海洋防污涂层.通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪分析观察涂层的表面形貌及元素分布.通过立体显微镜、红外分光测油仪观察并测定涂层中PSO的渗出速率.通过拉伸试验研究涂层的力学性能.通过接触角测试和硬度测试研究涂层的表观性能.通过抗菌实验研究涂层的防污性能.结果 涂层表面具有规则且完整的微米级织构,由于PSO和纳米ZnO的添加,涂层的疏水性能和力学性能显著提升,10％ZnO含量的涂层具有最佳的力学性能和防污剂释放速率.表面具有圆柱形织构的协同防污涂层的抗细菌粘附效果最好,其细菌粘附率减少了90％.结论 该仿生协同防污涂层相比单一原理防污涂层具有更为优异的防污效果,通过纳米ZnO的加入调控了防污剂PSO的渗出速率,延长了涂层的使用期效,且不会对环境产生污染,具有良好的发展前景.

Preparation and Performance of Bionic Cooperative Antifouling Coating

To prepare a marine antifouling coating with bionic synergistic effects, low surface energy, bionics, and nano-particle antifouling technologies were combined. The silicon plate with negative morphology was processed by photolithography. The low surface energy material polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as the matrix, and nanometer ZnO, imitation antifouling agent phenyl methyl silicone oil (PSO) and the curing agent, dispersant and other auxiliary agents were added to obtain a marine antifouling coating with a micron-scale micro-texture bionic synergistic effect on the surface. The surface morphology and element distribution of the coating were observed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum analysis. The exudation rate of PSO in the coating was observed and measured by stereo microscope and infrared spectrometer. The mechanical properties were studied by tensile test, the apparent properties of the coating was studied by contact angle and hardness test, and the antifouling properties of the coating was studied by antibacterial experiment. The results show that the surface of the coating has a regular and complete micron-level texture. With the addition of PSO and nanometer-ZnO, the hydrophobic and mechanical properties of the coating are significantly improved. The coating with 10% ZnO content has the best mechanical properties and antifouling agent. The synergistic antifouling coating with cylindrical texture on the surface has the best anti-bacterial adhesion effect, and its bacterial adhesion rate is reduced by 90%. The bionic synergistic antifouling coating has better antifouling effect than the single-principle antifouling coating.The addition of nanometer-ZnO regulates the exudation rate of the antifouling agent PSO, and prolongs the service life of thecoating, moreover,the coating will not pollute the environment, and has a good development prospect.