胸径、构件和季节对南方红豆杉中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量的影响

系统采集了12个不同胸径的南方红豆杉当年生针叶和树皮样品,用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)测定其紫杉醇(taxol)和10-去乙酰基巴卡亭Ⅲ(10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ,10-DAB)含量,结果显示针叶的两种被测试物质含量的平均值分别为0.0127mg·g-1和0.0805mg·g-1,树皮的这两种物质含量平均值分别为0.1164mg·g-1和0.4842mg·g-1。当年生针叶、树皮中紫杉醇含量与胸径相关性不显著。对植株不同构件(枝条、针叶、树皮和根)中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量的测定表明,根中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量最高,当年生针叶紫杉醇含量最低。天然和人工栽培南方红豆杉当年生针叶中紫杉醇和10-DAB含量呈明显的季节变化,各月份间含量差异显著,人工栽培和天然植株针叶在生长速度明显减缓的10月份,紫杉醇和10-DAB含量均出现一个明显的峰值。

Effects of diameter at breast height, modules and seasons on Taxol and 10\|DAB contents in Taxus Chinensis var. mairei

Taxol, a diterpene with exceptional anticancer activity, occurs as a very minor component in several species of Taxus. By collecting the samples of 12 Taxus chinensis var. mairei trees of different diameters at breast height, the contents of taxol and 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ(10-DAB) in the barks and 1-year-old needles were analyzed by UPLC. The average contents of the taxol and 10-DAB were 0.0127 and 0.0805 mg·g~(-1) in 1-year-old needles and 0.1164 and 0.4842 mg·g~(-1) in barks, respectively. The contents of taxol in barks and 1-year-old needles had no correlation with tree diameter at breast height. The results of analysis on different modules (branches, needle, barks and roots) showed that the contents of taxol and 10-DAB were highest (0. 3527 mg·g~（-1）) in roots, and the contents of taxol were lowest in 1-year-old needles (0.0096 mg·g~（-1）). 10-DAB was not detectable in 1-year-old needles. There were significant differences in the contents of taxol among 1-year-old needles, branches and roots. The contents of taxol and 10-DAB in 1-year-old needles displayed significant seasonal variation. The contents of taxol and 10-DAB of the needle from both natural and cultivated T. chinensis var. mairei all had a significant peak value in October when plants slowed down their growth.