机械故障诊断的非线性动力学原理

系统地介绍故障诊断的动力学原理,重点是机械故障诊断的非线性动力学原理.将机械装备分为可建模系统和不可建模系统.对可建模系统,基于分岔理论的故障机理分析,可对某些疑难振动故障的机理、控制和预测提供指导,以旋转机械为例,介绍建模方法.对不可建模系统,根据混沌动力学理论,应用实测振动数据可对系统进行相空间重构,根据表征能量分布的奇异谱的谱型可判断故障发生的根源.通过介绍,希望引起更多学者的注意和参与,相信这个研究方向对复杂装备制造水平的全面提升和非线性动力学理论的发展都是有意义的.

NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL PRINCIPLE OF MECHANICAL FAULT DIAGNOSIS

The dynamical principle of fault diagnosis is addressed,and the initial concept of nonlinear dynamical principle of mechanical fault diagnosis is introduced.The mechanical devices can be divided into two classes of systems,namely:possible-of-modeling systems and impossible-of-mo-deling systems.For possible-of-modeling systems,the analysis of fault mechanism based on the bifurcation theory may provide an instruction to mechanism,control and prediction of vibrating faults which are difficult to diagnose.The modeling method is described using the rotating machinery as an example.For impossible-of-modeling systems,using the chaotic dynamical theory,the phase space can be reconstructed in terms of the measuring vibration data,and the sources of generating faults can be justified through the form of singular spectrum which describes the energy distribution of the system.The studies on the nonlinear dynamical principle of fault diagnosis may significantly enhance the ability of our manufacturing industry of complicated devices and also make great contribution to the nonlinear dynamical theory.