负压条件下柱形爆炸罐内爆炸波传播规律

为分析负压条件下柱形爆炸罐内爆炸波的传播特性，自行设计尺寸为320 mm× 430 mm的 可调真空度柱形爆炸罐，开展不同真空度条件下的内爆实验。通过内爆实验研究，获得了不同真空度下爆炸波的传播速度u、超压Δp、比冲量i、相对压力因子α和相对比冲量因子γ等爆炸波参数。结果表明：罐体内真空度的改变对爆炸波传播状态产生了显著影响，罐体内初始压力降低时，爆炸波超压和比冲量均有不同程度的衰减；当罐体内初始压力由常压降低至0.1 atm时，第1个爆炸波超压Δp₁的相对压力因子α_1max为2.41，第2个爆炸波超压Δp₂的相对压力因子α_2max为 1.64；第1个爆炸波比冲量i₁的相对比冲量因子γ_1max为6.97，第2个爆炸波比冲量i₂的相对比冲量因子γ_2max为3.14；α和γ分别反映了爆炸波超压和比冲量的衰减程度，α和γ的值越大表明爆炸波超压和比冲量衰减得越快；爆炸波的传播速度会随着初始环境压力的改变而发生变化，初始环境压力越低，爆炸波的传播速度越快。

Propagation Law of Explosion Wave in Columnar Explosion Tank under Vacuum Conditions

To analyze the propagation characteristics of explosion wave in a columnar explosion tank at negative pressure， the implosion test of a self-designed 320 mm×430 mm adjustable vacuum columnar explosion tank was made to obtain the blast wave propagation velocity u，overpressure Δp，specific impulse i， relative pressure factor α and relative specific impulse factor γ under different vacuum conditions. The results show that the change of vacuum in the tank has a significant effect on the propagation state of explosion wave，and when the initial pressure in the tank decreases，the explosion wave overpressure and specific impulse have different degrees of attenuation. When the initial pressure in the tank is reduced from atmospheric pressure to 0.1 atm， the relative pressure factor α_1max of the first explosion wave Δp₁ is 2.41，and the relative pressure factor α_2max of the second explosion wave Δp₂ is 1.64; the relative specific impulse factor γ_1max of specific impulse i₁ of the first explosion wave is 6.97，and the relative specific impulse factor γ_2max of specific impulse i₂ of the second explosion wave is 3.14. The relative pressure factor α and the relative specific impulse factor α reflect the degrees of attenuation of explosion wave overpressure and specific impulse，respectively，and the blast wave overpressure and specific impulse decay more quickly when α and γ are larger. In addition，the propagation speed of explosion wave changes with the change in the initial environmental pressure，and the lower the initial environmental pressure is，the faster the propagation speed of explosion wave is.