基于知识模型和PDA的精确农作系统设计及应用

为合理利用农业资源，实现作物生产管理的便携式和数字化。该研究基于课题组已有的作物管理知识模型，结合嵌入式GIS和GPS技术，采用系统工程思想和PDA开发技术，在Microsoft VS.NET 2003环境下构建了基于知识模型和PDA的精确农作系统。系统不仅实现了水稻、小麦、油菜、棉花4大作物的播前（移栽前）栽培方案、适宜指标动态设计，实时调控等功能，还具有地图操作、定位导航、空间数据采集以及信息管理等功能。系统于2007年在江苏省吴江市的水稻生产区进行了示范应用，结果表明，精确管理田块平均产量达9 196.9 kg/hm2，与常规管理田块相比，增产幅度达7.43%，并减少了氮肥投入7.5 kg/hm2，表现出明显的增产增收效果。系统的建立为农作物精确管理提供了新的服务载体，同时大大提高了精确农作技术的实用性。

Design and application of knowledge model and PDA-based precision farming system

In order to make good use of agricultural resources, and realize the convenient and digital crop production management, a knowledge model and PDA-based precision farming system was established on the platform of Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003, based on the existing crop management knowledge model, and by integrating the technologies of PDA, embedded-GIS and GPS. The system not only realized the functions such as pre-sowing (or transplanting) cultural plan design, suitable dynamic indices design, and real-time regulation based on crop growth status, but also had the functions as map handling, location and navigation, spatial data collection and information management. In 2007, the system was carried out in the rice production region of Wujiang City, Jiangsu Province. The application result indicated that the average rice yield in the experimental fields with precision management plans recommended by the system was 9 196.9 kg/hm2, with 7.43% increasing production and 7.5 kg/hm2 decreasing nitrogen rate, as compared with the traditional cultural plans. This system provides a new service platform for crop precision farming management, and greatly improves the practicability of precision farming technology.